Harden against bot floods and add post-provisioning service check

- Traefik rate-limits all routes (60 req/min standard, 300 for Nextcloud)
  and writes access logs to /var/log/traefik/access.log
- Fail2ban watches Traefik access logs and bans IPs after 10 x 403/404
  within 60 s for 24 h
- Nextcloud html directory created as www-data (UID 33) so Apache can
  process .htaccess and serve requests correctly
- scripts/check-services.sh verifies all seven endpoints return the
  expected HTTP status after provisioning

ansible/roles/traefik/templates/docker-compose.yml.j2

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ services:
       - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
       - {{ traefik_data_dir }}/traefik.yml:/traefik.yml:ro
       - {{ traefik_data_dir }}/acme.json:/acme.json
+      - /var/log/traefik:/var/log/traefik
     networks:
       - traefik_public
     labels:
@@ -22,6 +23,15 @@ services:
       - "traefik.http.routers.dashboard.service=api@internal"
       - "traefik.http.routers.dashboard.middlewares=dashboard-auth"
       - "traefik.http.middlewares.dashboard-auth.basicauth.users={{ traefik_dashboard_users }}"
+      # Rate-limit middlewares — referenced by services as rate-limit@docker / rate-limit-lax@docker
+      # Standard: 60 req/min per IP, burst 20 — protects all services from bot floods
+      - "traefik.http.middlewares.rate-limit.rateLimit.average=60"
+      - "traefik.http.middlewares.rate-limit.rateLimit.period=1m"
+      - "traefik.http.middlewares.rate-limit.rateLimit.burst=20"
+      # Lax: 300 req/min per IP, burst 100 — for Nextcloud sync clients making many small requests
+      - "traefik.http.middlewares.rate-limit-lax.rateLimit.average=300"
+      - "traefik.http.middlewares.rate-limit-lax.rateLimit.period=1m"
+      - "traefik.http.middlewares.rate-limit-lax.rateLimit.burst=100"
 
 networks:
   traefik_public:

ansible/roles/traefik/templates/traefik.yml.j2

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ api:
 log:
   level: INFO
 
-accessLog: {}
+accessLog:
+  filePath: /var/log/traefik/access.log
+  bufferingSize: 100
 
 entryPoints:
   web: